Turbine water-motor



2 SheetsSheet 1;

P. T. SANFORD. TURBINE WATER MOTOR.

(N0 Model.)

Patented June 11, 1889.

N. PETERS. l'huwumo n ner, Washin wn. 0.6.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

P. T. SANFORD. TURBINE WATER MOTOR.

No. 404,869. Patented June 11, 1889;

I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PERRY T. SANFORD, OF NElV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

TURBINE WATER-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 404,869, dated June I1,1889. Application filed October 1, 1888. Serial No. 286,864. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, PERRY T. SANFORD,1 siding at New Haven, in thecounty of New Haven and State of Connecticut,have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Turbine lVater-l/lotors; and I do dec are thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part ofthis specification.

My invention relates to an improvementin turbine water-motors, theobject being to produce a motor of simple and eflicient constructionthat will operate under back-pressure.

NVith these ends in view my invention consists in awater-motor havingcertain other details of construction and combinations of parts, as willbe hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in Vertical centralsection of a motor embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan view of themotor with the cap broken away, except as to a small portion of it; andFig. 3 is a reverse plan view of the wheel.

As herein shown, the wheel consists of a plate or disk A, having acircular hub B, olfsetting below its lower face, a staff C, extendingabove and below the plate and secured to the hub, and a number of leavesD, attached at their inner ends to the hub and curved on true involutelines which if projected would intersect the center of the staff. Thecurves of the wheel-blades are exactly determined on the .basis of thediameter of the wheels by well-known methods.

The wheel-case consists in part of a circular outer flange E, providedwith an internal shoulder F, and a similar inner flange G, concentricwith the outer flange and provided with inlet-ports H. A cone 1, locateddirectly below the inner flange and having its smaller end downward,forms a contracted effluX- chamber below the wheel. A cap J, threadedinto the upper edge of the outer flange and screwed down upon theshoulder F thereof, closes the upper part of the case. A Waterinlet K,tangentially intersecting the outer flange, opens into an annularraceway L, formed between the said flange and a movable ring M,embracing the inner flange and provided with inlet-ports N,corresponding in arrangement to the ports therein. A se mental rack 0,located upon the edge of the ring, is engaged by a pinion T, mounted inthe edge of the cap, and having the projecting upper end of its shaft Qsquared for the application of a key for turning it, and hence shiftingthe movable ring, and so virtually enlarging or diminishing the size ofthe inletports in the inner flange. As herein shown, the inlet-ports areequidistant, provision being made for a constant impact of water uponthe wheel by having an uneven number of blades in the same; but the sameeffect will be secured by arranging the ports at different distancesapart and employing an even number of blades in the wheel. A skeletonstep R, located within the cone I of the case, supports the lower end ofthe wheelstaif, the upper end whereof passes centrally through thecase-cap, which is provided upon its upper face with a packing box forit. The wheel itself is located within the inner flange, and hencedirectly over the contracted effluxchamber formed by the cone. Aremovable outlet-pipe T is secured to the lower end of the cone. Asshown, this pipe corresponds in discharging capacity to the supplyingcapacity of' the inlet-pipe K.

The raceway, wheel, and conical effluX-cham ber, when constructed andcombined as described, co-operate to permit the water to flow throughthem with the minimum of obstruction, friction, and breaking up, and toimpart to it a swirling motion, of which the wheel partakes. Even ifthere is a back-pressure of water, the motor will still operate as longas the water runs through it at all. Of course the more back-pressurethere is the slower the speed of the wheel, which may be regulated inits action, if desired, by varying the back pressure. This may be doneby changing the size of the outlet-pipe of the contracted chamber. l

The sensibility of my improved motor to a current adapts it to be usedto excellent advantage in pipes through which Water is passed to fulfilla different purpose than that of driving a motor. Thus the motor mightbe located in the main water-pipe of a building and employed to createaventilating ora furnace draft. Vhen combined with a suitable indicator,my motor might even be employed as a water-meter.

Havingfully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

A turbine water-motor having an annular raceway, the inner wall whereofis provided with ports, a cone-shaped efiiuX-ohamber located below suchraceway, and a wheel located above the said efflux-chamber and havingits blades shaped to follow involutes struck from its staff to itsperiphery, and arranged so that the water will strike the outer ends oftheir convex faces, whereby a swirl ing' motion will be imparted to thewater in passing; through the motor, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscrib- 2o ing witnesses.

PERRY T. SANFORD.

XV itn esses:

CHAS. 13. SHUMWAY, W 'ILLLAM HARRISON.

